Ventilated stove



Sept. 29, 1964 D. sAPoNARA 4 3,150,655

VENTILATBD sTov` Filed sept. 11, 1962 s sheets-sheet 1v Sept. 29, 1964 D. sAPoNARA 3,150,655

VENTILATED sTovE Filed sept. 11, 1962 s sheets-sheet 2 IN VEN TOR. DOM/V/Clf SAPA/APA Sept. 29, 1964 D. sAPoNARA VENTILATED sTovE 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Sept. 11, 1962 IN1/Ewan oMM/c/f upon/w1 W75@ Armen/EX United States Patent O 3,150,655 VENTILATED STOVE Domenick Saponara, Allentown, Pa., assignor t Calorie Corporation, Topton, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Filed Sept. 11, 1962, Ser. No. 222,855 5 Claims. (Cl. 126-21) Domestic, gas burning cooking stoves have heretofore been of the 'free-standing, or hoor-supported type. Such stoves occupied oor space and access to the broiler and oven compartments could not be had without excessive stooping or squatting. To conserve space and to eliminate the necessity of stooping and squatting, it is increasingly the practice to mount the broiler-oven unit of the stove at eye level and, for appear-ance, as well as for space economy, the broiler-oven unit has been recessed into a wall or partition, or was installed between wallmounted shelves or cabinets.

The back and sides of a free-standing stove are exposed to room air and do not present an overheating problem. The sides and back of a Wall-mounted stove are enclosed and do present a serious overheating problem and which can assume the proportions of a tire hazard. To solve this problem, flues were provided along the sides and back of the wall-mounted stove to permit flow of air there-against to keep the temperature of these surfaces below the danger point. The ilues referred to were supplied with air through an inlet opening which led from the room into the ilues and which in the first reduction to practice of this concept, also supplied combustion air to the pilot and main burners of the stove.

Actual use in the field showed that the arrangement described did keep the temperature of the sides and back of the stove within safe limits, but it was also found that the pilot burners tended to become extinguished and that the main burners were either partly, or completely, extinguished with the resultant danger of production of excessive amounts of CO and CO2. In an effort to overcome these diiiiculties, the air inlet opening was enlarged and the pilot and main burners were replaced or adjusted, and so forth, but with no lfavorable results. In fact, the entire, and very desirable, idea of mounting stoves at eye level, was in grave danger of being wholly abandoned.

`Further field studies undertaken in an attempt to discover -the cause of the burner failures showed that the pilot burners were not extinguished as long as the main burners were not ignited, and that the main burners operated satisfactorily when first ignited. From these circumstances, it was surmised that the strong convective currents developed in the flue were drawing off most, if not all, of the air required for proper combustion, thus extinguishing the small pilot burners and materially reducing the combustion of, or extinguishing the main burners. Experimental tests using a stove provided with one inlet `for supplying the burners exclusively, and with another inlet for supplying the lines exclusively, confirmed the discovery and eliminated all of the diiculties abovementioned.

Accordingly, one object of the invention is to produce an improved construction wherein the air for cooling the side and back ues of the stove is drawn through one passage, and the combustion air of the burners is drawn through a wholly separate passage and wherein the intake ends of the passages are spaced apart so that the air drawn 3,150,655 Patented Sept. 29., 1964 into the cooling lues will not -diminish the air drawn into the burner compartments. In other words, the passages referred to constitute separate and mutually exclusive sources of air and will be so referred to in the specification and in the claims.

While the use of ues as described is necessary in the wall-mounted installations, it can also be protably used in the free-standing stoves and therefore the invention is not limited to the wall-mounted application.

In wall-mounted, as well as free-standing, stoves, the doors of the oven and of the broiler compartment become dangerously hot. This is due to the fact that the broiler compartment door is closed tightly in an effort to conserve heat. Also, in both types of stoves, the combustion air is delivered to the burners at room temperature and therefore does not promote efliciency of combustion. Also, in conventional stoves, combustion gases tend to seep out of the broiler compartment, thus further contributing to the overheating of the adjacent outside sur-faces.

It is therefore a still further object of the invention to cause the combustion air to flow over the front of the broiler and oven compartments before reaching the pilot and main burners so as to keep the temperature of the doors within safe limits and to preheat the combustion alr.

It is therefore a still further object of this invention to cause combustion air to enter the broiler compartment through a gap along at least one edge of the broiler compartment door so as to prevent the escape of combustion air and to cool the adjacent outer surfaces to a safe level while preheating the combustion air.

The full nature of the invention will be understood from the following specification and the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a view partly in front elevation and partly in section, of a wall-mounted stove embodying the invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view looking in the direction of line 2 2 on FIG. l.

FIG. 3 is a sectional View looking in the direction of line 3-3 on FIG. 2.

FIG. 4 is a view partly in front elevation and partly in section, of a floor-mounted cooking stove embodying the invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5-5 on FIG. 4.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken on line 6 6 on FIG. 5.

Since the invention relates exclusively to the provision of wholly separate and mutually exclusive means for supplying cooling air to the ilues and combustion air to the burners, it is thought unnecessary to show and describe any of the conventional parts, such as the gas manifold, control valves, mixing chambers, etc. For the purpose of this disclosure, it is thought sufficient to point out that the free-standing, or door-supported stoves, and the wall-mounted installations, both include a broiler compartment 10 having a door 12, an oven compartment 14 having a door 16, an oven-broiler burner 18, a constantly lit pilot burner, not shown, a partition 20 separating the rbroiler and oven compartments, and passages 22 formed in, or between, the partition and the side walls 24 of the broiler-oven compartments, and through which combustion gases flow from the broiler to the oven compartment, as shownby arrows 26.

In order to cool the front of a free standing stove, or the front, sides and back of a built-in stove, and in order to preheat the secondary combustion air, means 1s provided for admitting the secondary combustion air into the broiler compartment in the vicinity of the upper edge and sides of the broiler compartment door 12. As illustrated, the upper sill 28 of the broiler compartment opening is provided with knobs 32 which, by preventing tlght closing of the door, provide an air inlet opening through which combustion air flows into the broiler compartment, as shown byl arrows 30. lIt will be noted that before it enters the broiler compartment, the combustion air must ow upwardly over the heated broiler compartment door and downwardly over the heated oven compartment door. This cools said doors and, by preheating the combustion air, it improves the eiiiciency of burner 18. Also, the air flowing into the broiler compartment prevents the outward flow of combustion gases.

In order to cool the side walls 24 and the back wall 34 of a Wall-mounted installation, I provide room air inlet openings 36V, which are spaced from the bottom of the broiler door 12 by wall 37 and which lead into a space 38 which is below the broiler compartment and which communicates with vertical ues 40 at the sides and at the back of broiler-oven compartments. Flues 4i) lead to an upper ilue 42, the front end of which is closed by a panel 44, the edges of which are spaced from adjacent walls to provide the outlets 46 through which air is discharged into the room. The combustion gases escape through opening 48, in the top of the oven compartment, into a flue 50, as shown by arrows 52. The front end of tiue 50 discharges into outlet 46 below panel 44.

In a floor-mounted stove, the sides of the broiler-oven compartments are exposed to room air and do not tend to overheat. Therefore, vertical spaces 40 at the sides of these compartments can be omitted, as shown in FIG. 6. In this embodiment, the room air enters through an inlet 36 which leads into lower space 38 and travels through space 40 at the back of the stove and into the back of burner box S6, as shown by arrows 58. The air thus preheated by contact with the back of the stove, constitutes part of the secondary combustion gas for the surface burners of the stove.

The gases of combustion flow out of the oven compartment through opening 60 which leads to a flue from which the combustion gases are discharged, as shown by arrows 62.

It will be noted that in both embodiments, the secondary combustion air stream and the cooling air stream are derived from mutually independent and separate inlet openings, or sources, and that the ow paths of said streams are also wholly separate so that a strong convective current in the cooling ues cannot rob the burners of their combustion air. It will also be noted that the secondary combustion air appreciably cools the hottest portion of the front of the stove and that, in so doing, it is preheated and improves the eiciency of the burner. In the Hoor-mounted stove, the air preheated by contact with one or more walls of the stove is used as secondary combustion air for the surface burners 64 while the combustion gases are deflected away from said surface burners.

I am aware of Brumbaugh Patent No. 2,376,571, in which the cooling flue and the burner are both supplied from space 24, through openings 29 and 25, respectively, and in which space 24 is supplied through openings 22 which, in effect, or function, are a single opening. According to my invention, the cooling flues are connected to the atmosphere through one passage and the burners are connected to the atmosphere through a wholly separate passage, with the intake ends of the passages spaced apart suiiiciently to prevent the stream of air drawn through one passage from diminishing the stream drawn through the other.

What I claim is:

1. An appliance including a compartment having an opening disposed in a vertical plane,

a burner in the top of said compartment,

a door for closing said opening,

and,

means preventing complete closure of said door to provide a passage in the vicinity of the top edge of said door for admitting combustion air into said compartment to cause the combustion air to ow over the outer surface of said door whereby the exterior surface of said door is cooled and said combustion air is preheated.

2. A stove including an oven compartment, a broiler compartment therebelow, a burner in the top of said broiler compartment, there being a passage connecting said compartments, a first fiue below said broiler compartment and adjacent a vertical wall common to both of said compartments and said wall having an opening therein leading into said compartments, a first air inlet means leading to the lower end of said first flue, a first outlet means leading from the upper end of said first flue to the atmosphere, a door for said oven compartment, a door for said broiler compartment vertically spaced at its upper edge from said oven door, projecting means for preventing complete closing of said broiler compartment near the door, the upper edge thereof extending less than the width of the broiler opening and mounted between said broiler door and said opening at the upper end of said broiler door and spacing said door from said opening at its upper end in its closed position to provide a second air inlet means leading to said burner, and a second outlet means leading from said oven compartment to the atmosphere thereabove and spaced from said tirst inlet means.

3. The structure recited in claim 1 and a flue adjacent at least one side of said compartment and means defining a passage leading from said flue to a point in the atmosphere below the bottom of said compartment.

4. A cooking store including:

an upper oven compartment having side walls, a back wall and a front opening,

an oven door for closing said oven front opening,

a lower broiler compartment having side walls, a back wall and front opening,

a broiler door having an open and closed position for closing said broiler front opening,

a burner near the top of said broiler compartment,

a wall structure defining a ue along the back wall of said oven and broiler compartments,

there being a first air inlet opening near the bottom of said broiler compartment for admitting room air to said ue and,

means for providing a second air inlet opening, said means including said broiler door and being located adjacent the top edge of said broiler door, said means admitting room air to the front upper portion of the broiler compartment when the broiler door is in its closed position,

there being a passage leading from the upper portion of the broiler, to the lower portion of the oven, compartment.

5. A cooking stove including an upper oven compartment having side walls, a back wall and a front opening,

an oven door for closing said oven front opening,

a lower broiler compartment having side walls, a back wall and a front opening,

a broiler door having an open position and a closed position for closing said broiler front opening,

a burner near the top of said broiler compartment,

a wall structure defining a iiue along a side of said oven and broiler compartments,

said Wall structure including a spacer Wall disposed below said broiler door,

there being a first air inlet opening near the bottom edge of said spacer Wall for admitting room air to said flue, and 5 means including said broiler door for admitting room air to the front upper portion of the broiler compartment when said broiler door is in the closed position,

there being a passage leading from the upper portion 10 of the broiler compartment to the lower portion of the oven compartment.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,376,571 Brumbaugh May 22, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS 581,728 Italy Sept. 8, 1958 

4. A COOKING STORE INCLUDING: AN UPPER OVEN COMPARTMENT HAVING SIDE WALLS, A BACK WALL AND A FRONT OPENING, AN OVEN DOOR FOR CLOSING SAID OVEN FRONT OPENING, A LOWER BROILER COMPARTMENT HAVING SIDE WALLS, A BACK WALL AND FRONT OPENING, A BROILER DOOR HAVING AN OPEN AND CLOSED POSITION FOR CLOSING SAID BROILER FRONT OPENING, A BURNER NEAR THE TOP OF SAID BROILER COMPARTMENT, A WALL STRUCTURE DEFINING A FLUE ALONG THE BACK WALL OF SAID OVEN AND BROILER COMPARTMENTS, THERE BEING A FIRST AIR INLET OPENING NEAR THE BOTTOM OF SAID BROILER COMPARTMENT FOR ADMITTING ROOM AIR TO SAID FLUE AND, MEANS FOR PROVIDING A SECOND AIR INLET OPENING, SAID MEANS INCLUDING SAID BROILER DOOR AND BEING LOCATED ADJACENT THE TOP EDGE OF SAID BROILER DOOR, SAID MEANS ADMITTING ROOM AIR TO THE FRONT UPPER PORTION OF THE BROILER COMPARTMENT WHEN THE BROILER DOOR IS IN ITS CLOSED POSITION, THERE BEING A PASSAGE LEADING FROM THE UPPER PORTION OF THE BROILER, TO THE LOWER PORTION OF THE OVEN, COMPARTMENT. 